Here is an installation guide that will answer all your questions. Please first note the difference between stove pipe and chimney pipe. Stove pipe is the single or double wall pipe that is attached directly to the exhaust of the stove. Chimney pipe is the double or triple walled pipe that is designed to pass through floors and the roof.
http://www.northlineexpress.com/help-pipe-install-planning.html
If you select stove pipe, you have to keep single-wall pipe at least 18" away from combustables. For double-wall STOVE pipe, the distance is 6". Triple-wall chimney pipe has only a 2" clearance.
When evaluating what you need, remember your stove exhaust determines what size to buy. If you have a 6" exhaust, you buy 6" pipe. If you have an 8" exhaust you must use 8" pipe. Never, ever try to make an adapter to link a larger sized exhaust to a smaller sized pipe. That's a serious code violation because it's considered quite dangerous.
One last thing. You always peice together the pipe such that the peice above slips INSIDE the peice below. Never slip the upper peice OVER the lower peice. That way creosote will not be able to drain outside the pipe where it can be exposed to oxygen and potentially light on fire outside the pipe.
Like you, I got ahold of a 1932 Monarch stove, in very good functional condition, which I installed in my cabin's kitchen. Love using it in the winter to keep the kitchen warm. Be warned though. A woodstove is SLOW. I timed myself making my morning cappaccino (yes, I make myself a mocha latte on a woodburning stove) and it took 45 minutes from the time I struck the match till the time I took my first sip. Now I know why all those old stories talked about how kids waited in bed while Mama (or Papa) was downstairs preparing breakfast.
