The reason they suggest not putting them with young bottle raised babies is that they may not be agressive enough to "train" the dogs not to play too rough with them.
Older goats or sheep will put the pups in their place early on.
LGD's, like any other puppy, will want to play with their companions, and can easily hurt them.
The way around that would be to set up a pen for the dog inside the pasture/barn with the goats, so they become accustomed to each other through the fence first, and then gradually increase the SUPERVISED time they spend in contact until you can train the dog that they are NOT chew toys. That can take both time and patience
The simplest way to do that is with a shock collar, so that you can correct the pup from a distance, and he wont associate it with you. If youre too close, odds are they wont commit the errant behavior anyway.
Male or female wont make much difference, although the females DO seem to show more "mothering" instincts towards newborns. Either gender will protect the herd just as well
A couple of days ago I heard one of my Maremmas barking an abnormal bark, and found 2new lambs that she was helping to clean, while keeping all the other sheep at about a 10ft distance from them. My male was pretty much just standing around watching it all.
If youre not going to breed them, definitely have them neutered. Intact males are more likely to want to roam, and intact females will attract every dog in the county when in heat. And keep in mind a TRUE LGD belongs in the pasture. Dont confuse them by trying to make them "yard dogs"
http://www.bountifulfarm.com/lgd_seminar.htm