Bountiful Gardens is an excellent site for the information you're looking for
http://www.bountifulgardens.org/
Many of the grains that have been mentioned are warm weather lovers, though.
I think I would look at the rye/wheat cross (is that triticale?),
or maybe just a specialty variety of rye. (Rye straw is said to be excellent quality)
We're experimenting with a very hardy plant that produces a large seed crop but also has lots of additional uses -
Siberian Pea Shrub:
Edible Uses:
The seeds of siberian pea-shrub are edible cooked. Small but produced in abundance, there are 4 - 6 seeds per pod. Having a bland flavor, it is best used in spicy dishes. The raw seed has a mild pea-like flavor. The seed contains 12.4% of a fatty oil and up to 36% protein, and it has been recommended as an emergency food for humans. More than just an emergency food, this species has the potential to become a staple crop in areas with continental climates. The young pods can be eaten cooked and used as a vegetable.
Medicinal Uses:
The whole plant, known as ning tiao, is used in the treatment of cancer of the breast, and the orifice to the womb, and for dysmenorrhea and other gynecological problems.
Other Uses:
A fibre obtained from the bark is used for making cordage. A blue dye is obtained from the leaves. The plant can be grown as a hedge. It is quite wind-resistant and can also be planted in a shelterbelt. The plant has an extensive root system and can be used for erosion control, especially on marginal land. Because of its nitrogen-fixing capacity, it is valued as a soil-improving plant.
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